Development of predictive force models for classical. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanics of cutting in the oblique cutting process is then carried out. Concept of orthogonal and oblique cutting and difference. Orthogonal and oblique cutting free download as powerpoint presentation. The simple orthogonal cutting tests are conducted on a lathe for each workpiece material. Modelling orthogonal and oblique cutting via discontinuity. In this video, we are discussing the concept of orthogonal and oblique cutting and difference between them. Reduction the length of steel pipe using center lathe machine is an example for. Pdf in todays unmanned productions systems, it is very important that the.
Oblique cutting implemented in industrial applications. Based on this analysis, predictive cutting force models for oblique cutting allowing for the effects of flank wear are proposed. There are two basic types of metal cutting by a single point cutting tool. Orthogonal cutting doesnt have those complexities, but oblique cutting is found to be used in more often in an industrial setting. Simulations showed only minor variation of cutting force and thrust forces with the tool inclination oblique cut angle for those angles tested. Tool life in orthogonal cutting is less than tool life in. Orthogonal cutting video, geometry, forces and power demonstration cutting equipmenttools design for manufacturing. May 09, 2017 the basic and main difference between orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting is that in orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of motion but in oblique cutting, the cutting edge makes an angle with the d. Burr formation and fracture in oblique cutting burr formation and fracture in oblique cutting ko, sunglim.
Pdf an experimental investigation of oblique cutting mechanics. In the oblique cutting model presented in this paper, under similarly defined crosssectional area, the average cutting force is multiplied by the cutting speed to. Here is, in simple terms, what a factor analysis program does while determining the best fit between the variables and the latent factors. This paper presents an analytical method based on the unequal division shearzone model to study the machining predictive theory. Metal cutting, commonly called machining, is the removal. A orthogonal cutting, b oblique cutting, c simple cutting, d uniform cutting, e, leave your comments or download question paper. Cutting plane lines cutting plane lines are used to represent the location of an imaginary cut has been made, so that the interior of the object can be viewed. In turning process the work piece material is rotated and the cutting. Orthogonal cutting video, geometry, forces and power demonstration cutting equipmenttools. Kim 2 cutting processes objectives product quality. Orthogonal metal cutting pdf orthogonal metal cutting pdf orthogonal metal cutting pdf download. An ale threedimensional model of orthogonal and oblique metal cutting processes olivier pantale, roger rakotomalala, maurice touratier l. Custom made shaping cutters to cut preshaved and preground gears with profile modifications like protuberance and semi topping can be supplied.
However, orthogonal cutting is only a particular case of oblique cutting and. On this channel you can get education and knowledge for general issues and topics. In a computerintegrated manufacturing system, the prediction of burr formation or fracture is required. Yang department of mechanical engineering and applied mechanics, the university of michigan, ann arbor, michigan 48109, u. Kim 3 orthogonal cutting in a lathe rake angle shear angle t o. Analytical prediction of cutting forces in orthogonal.
Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting tools. In mathematics, orthogonality is the generalization of the notion of perpendicularity to the linear algebra of bilinear forms. Thus tool approach angle and cutting edge inclination are zero. In the orthogonal to oblique transformation approach, the edge forces identified in orthogonal cutting are used for the oblique process.
The proposed model only requires workpiece material properties and cutting conditions to predict the cutting forces during the orthogonal cutting process. Precision prediction of cutting force in oblique cutting. We okdo pdf to gif tiff ico converter 3 6 now extend this methodology to the class of orthogonal metal cutting problems. In on national culture frantz fanon pdf metal cutting, international research in production. The term machining is used to describe various processes which involve removal of material from the workpiece definition of machining or metal cutting machining is an essential process of finishing by which jobs. Depending on the bilinear form, the vector space may contain nonzero selforthogonal vectors. The wearland force and edge force are reconsidered by analysing the oblique cutting process and the. Sep 19, 2012 oblique is cutting or drilling at any angle not perpendicular or parallel to the work piece. Orthogonal cutting oblique cutting is another type of cutting in which the cutting edge of wedge shape cutting tool make a angle except right angle to the direction of tool motion. This cutting force coefficient model can be used for predicting cutting forces in milling, turning, boring, and drilling. Modelling oblique cutting using dlo oblique cutting experiments were modelled in dlo using a 2. Comparison between the orthogonal and oblique cutting. An investigation into orthogonal and oblique cutting processes.
An important feature of factor analysis is that the axes of the factors can be rotated within the multidimensional variable space. Many components produced by primary manufacturing processes need machining to get their final shape, accurate size and good surface finish. Mrr, tool wear physics of cutting mechanics force, power tool materials design for manufacturing 2. Conventional machining 2 mechanical engineering, iitb. The cutting edge is inclined at an angle less than 90 o to the direction of tool. This cutting is also known as 2d cutting because the force develop during cutting can be plot on a plane or can be represent by 2d coordinate. He ignored the existence of the chip and measured the. Gear cutting tools manufacturer capital gear tools.
Dependency of microhardness hv on the cutting speed vc and on the orthogonal rake angle. Oblique cutting orthogonal cutting is also called as two dimensional cutting and oblique cutting is also called as three dimensional cutting. Pdf in this study, an experimental investigation of oblique cutting process is. Chapter 20 fundamentals of machining orthogonal machining. Figure shows the identified edge forces in orthogonal and. The developed model is based on that the fundamental mechanics of the friction relationship between tool and material chip at the primary and secondary shear zones are the same when the flowing relationship between. Force system in orthogonal cutting learning objectives d different types of forces in turning d merchants circle diagram d velocity relationship in metal cutting d measurement of cutting forces. Oblique cutting involves principal and auxiliary cutting edges in the cutting action which increases friction and advances wear in the cutting tool. Oct 16, 2010 this paper presents an analytical method based on the unequal division shearzone model to study the machining predictive theory. In orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is at right angles to the direction of the relative motion between the tool and the work piece. Nairn wood science and engineering, oregon state university, corvallis, or 97330, usa tel.
Note that the tool shape and its angles, depth of cut, to, and the cutting speed, v, are all independent variables. Two types of metal cutting used in industries orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting. In oblique cutting, the cutting edge is inclined but not. Cutting process variation market research conceptual design. Note that the resultant force, r, must be collinear to balance the forces. Two elements u and v of a vector space with bilinear form b are orthogonal when bu, v 0. For example if you saw into a board at a 45 degree angle, that is a oblique angle orthogonal cutting is cutting perpendicular to the work piece. Orthogonal metal cutting pdf the orthogonal metal cutting process for a controlled contact tool is. Modeling of cutting force distribution on tool edge in. Therefore, most machining processes approach oblique cutting with orthogonal cutting as a particular case. They have teeth molded on the inner surface that fit into matching toothed pul. Depending on the bilinear form, the vector space may contain nonzero self orthogonal vectors.
Numerical simulation of orthogonal cutting using the material point method john a. Jun 24, 2017 song, wenge 2006 development of predictive force models for classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations incorporating tool flank wear effects. Machining can be defined as the process of removing material from a workpiece in the form of chips by a sharp cutting to leave the desired part shape. Ii abstract classical orthogonal and oblique cutting are the fundamental material removal or machining processes to which other practical machining processes can be related in. Analytical prediction of cutting forces in orthogonal cutting. This paper presents pure orthogonal cutting which is the case of orthogonal cutting, moreover the tool cutting edge is perpendicular to the workpiece. Page 1 module 2 mechanics of machining version 2 me iit, kharapur page 2 module 2 mechanics of machining version 2 me iit, kharapur lesson 6 orthogonal and oblique cutting version 2 me iit, kharapur page 3 module 2 mechanics of machining version 2 me iit, kharapur lesson 6 orthogonal and oblique cutting version 2 me iit, kharapur instructional objectives at the end of this. In a cutting process, the position of cutting edge of the tool with respect to the workpiece is important, based on which metal cutting process are classified into two categories.
Orthogonal cutting, oblique cutting, turning operations, flank wear, wearland force, cutting force model, mechanics of cutting, chip formation, equivalent cutting edge. Page 1 of 193 pictometry survey reportfllee14140124140309 report for oblique and orthogonal imagery obtained between the dates of friday, january 24, 2014 sunday, march 09, 2014. Effect of rake angles on cutting forces for a single point. A schematic diagram of the model problem in 2d is given below. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting mech4study. Find cutting speed, mrr, cutting time, power, cutting force. It is worked on development of 3d oblique fem for prediction of cutting forces, thrust forces, feed rate and tool chip interface temperature during micro turning. Orthogonal and oblique cutting shear stress friction.
Song, wenge 2006 development of predictive force models for classical orthogonal and oblique cutting and turning operations incorporating tool flank wear effects. We need to determine the cutting forces in turning for d estimation of cutting power consumption, which also. Imagine you have 10 variables that go into a factor analysis. Oblique cutting the cutting edge is inclined at an angle i known as inclination angle with the normal to the direction of tool travel. Theory of metal cutting the metal cutting is done by a relative motion between the work piece and the hard edge of a cutting tool. This type of cutting is also known as twodimensional cutting. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting mecholic. Schematic diagram of orthogonal metal cutting process the material used is aisi 4340 steel with a youngs modulus e of 207 gpa and density. Modelling orthogonal and oblique cutting via discontinuity layout. Chapter 4 orthographic projection and multiview constructions. Ann modeling for prediction of cutting force component during orthogonal turning abhishek k1, kishore dj2. Please see the complete video for understanding the concept. According to the orthogonal cutting model, the specific cutting power is defined as the multiplication of the cutting force per unit crosssectional area and the cutting speed.
Feb 17, 2018 in this video, we are discussing the concept of orthogonal and oblique cutting and difference between them. Orthogonal and oblique cutting module 2 mechanics of. In orthogonal cutting, the resultant force r applied to the chip by tool lies in a plane normal to the tool cutting edge. Theory of metal cutting 2 authorstream presentation. Page 1 module 2 mechanics of machining version 2 me iit, kharapur page 2 module 2 mechanics of machining version 2 me iit, kharapur lesson 6 orthogonal and oblique cutting version 2 me iit, kharapur page 3 module 2 mechanics of machining version 2 me iit, kharapur lesson 6 orthogonal and oblique cutting version 2 me iit, kharapur instructional objectives at the end of this lesson, the student. Orthogonal and oblique cutting mechanics pdf free download. Metal cutting could be done either by a single point cutting tool or a multi point cutting tool. This force is usually determined in experimental work, from the measurement of two orthogonal components. The cutting edge is straight and is set in a position that is perpendicular to the direction. The another type is known as shearing, where the blade edge is oblique and progressively proceed from one edge of metal sheet to other end of metal sheet during cutting process. Orthogonal cutting uses a wedgeshaped tool in which the cutting edge is perpendicular to the cutting direction. Jan 02, 2012 mechanics of metal cutting slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
As the tool is forced into the material, the chip is formed by shear deformation along shear. This paper presented a general model for predicting the cutting forces in oblique cutting operation with respect to vector transformation derived from orthogonal cutting process. Results on orthogonal cutting can be easily transformed to that of oblique cutting which is the basis of models for all practical machining processes including. In this study, a process model for orthogonal cutting processes is proposed. A series of orthogonal and oblique cutting operations at low and high cutting speeds. In the case of function spaces, families of orthogonal functions are used to form a. Pankaj chaugule posted on 19 nov 15 there are two types of work tool motion in metal cutting operation. The timing belt is an example of the synchronous drive. Numerical simulation of orthogonal cutting using the. Pdf comparative study of chip formation in orthogonal and.
An experimental investigation of oblique cutting mechanics. Independent variables tool material, coatings, and tool condition tool shape, surface finish, and sharpness workpiece material. Difference between orthogonal and oblique cutting free download as word doc. Now we have understood that orthogonal cutting means, when the chip flows along orthogonal plane, but when it does not flow along the. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Burr formation and fracture in oblique cutting, journal of. The basic and main difference between orthogonal cutting and oblique cutting is that in orthogonal cutting, the cutting edge of the tool is perpendicular to the direction of motion but in oblique cutting, the cutting edge makes an angle with the d. In orthogonal cutting, the tool approaches the work piece with its cutting edge parallel to the uncut surface and at right angles to the direction of cutting. Summary the orthogonal metal cutting process for a controlled contact tool is simulated using a limit analysis theorem. In this respect, the twodimensional orthogonal cutting mechanics is used to form a basis for general.
In a cutting process, the position of cutting edge of the tool with respect to the workpiece is important, based on. Cti manufactures and designs gear cutting tools, helical and spur gear shaper cutters to produce all types of internal and external gears, sprockets, splines and timing pulleys. What is the difference between oblique and orthogonal cutting. Imagine you have 10 variables that go into a factor. In the shear zone, the material constitutive relationship is described by johnsoncook model, and the. Oblique is cutting or drilling at any angle not perpendicular or parallel to the work piece.
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